Value creation, capture, and distribution
Good economic policy allows value capture to enable value creation while maximizing value distribution. Or to put it into english, it allows continuous investment into society in ways that makes all people live better lives.
We define good as promoting social stability. Economic policy can promote many things, like consolidation of wealth, but the cost is always instability. A stable society is when everyone has enough share of the growing value created in the world, and when most people perceive their slice of value is increasing over time.
If we distribute value perfectly, we may not grow our value creation. Amassing resources is needed to develop sophisticated services, goods, scientific achievements, or means of production. The cycle of capturing value and reinvesting it back into value creation is important for increasing the quality and quantity of value created.
However, value capture does not always go to value creation. Much value capture is just a transfer wealth from one to another. If there is only value transfer without value creation, then the total value in the world doesn't increase, and the world starts to have winners (people who have a growing slice of wealth over time) and losers (people who have a shrinking slice of wealth) - this breeds social instability.
