An Introduction to Unit Testing in Node.js

Unit tests are essential to verify the behavior of small code units in a Node.js application. This leads to clearer design, fewer bugs, and better adherence to business requirements. That's why Test-Driven Development (TDD) and Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) have become so popular in the backend development community.

In this tutorial, we'll dive into unit testing and understand why it's needed in your backend. We'll then learn how a unit test is structured and explore the most widely used libraries for unit testing in Node.js.

Unit testing is a software testing practice in which individual units of an application are tested to ensure they behave as expected. In particular, a unit test is a short and isolated test that verifies the correctness of a specific piece of code — typically a function or method.

Thus, Node.js unit testing involves writing tests to validate the functionality of individual modules in your backend. This includes testing API endpoints, database interactions, and business logic functions to ensure robustness.

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