Although diet is a substantial determinant of the human gut microbiome, the interplay between specific foods and microbial community structure remains

Coffee consumption is associated with intestinal Lawsonibacter asaccharolyticus abundance and prevalence across multiple cohorts

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2024-11-19 08:30:04

Although diet is a substantial determinant of the human gut microbiome, the interplay between specific foods and microbial community structure remains poorly understood. Coffee is a habitually consumed beverage with established metabolic and health benefits. We previously found that coffee is, among >150 items, the food showing the highest correlation with microbiome components. Here we conducted a multi-cohort, multi-omic analysis of US and UK populations with detailed dietary information from a total of 22,867 participants, which we then integrated with public data from 211 cohorts (N = 54,198). The link between coffee consumption and microbiome was highly reproducible across different populations (area under the curve of 0.89), largely driven by the presence and abundance of the species Lawsonibacter asaccharolyticus. Using in vitro experiments, we show that coffee can stimulate growth of L. asaccharolyticus. Plasma metabolomics on 438 samples identified several metabolites enriched among coffee consumers, with quinic acid and its potential derivatives associated with coffee and L. asaccharolyticus. This study reveals a metabolic link between a specific gut microorganism and a specific food item, providing a framework for the understanding of microbial dietary responses at the biochemical level.

Coffee is consumed almost worldwide and has been shown to exert beneficial effects on human health, including lowering all-cause and cardiovascular disease-specific mortality1,2, risks of type 2 diabetes3,4, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease5 and cancer6,7, as well as other diseases8,9. Coffee’s nutritional epidemiology is unique in that it is typically either consumed every day or not consumed at all and is thus reported with high accuracy10. Combined with its unique chemical composition, this makes coffee an excellent model to unravel the metabolomic processes by which the gut microbiome responds to dietary components.

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